NECO Geography Questions 2024 Free Answers

neco geography

6a

Reasons for Concentration

1. Proximity to Lagos Port: The western industrial zone benefits from its closeness to Lagos Port, Nigeria’s primary seaport. This proximity facilitates the importation of raw materials and the exportation of finished products, reducing transportation costs and time.
2. Availability of Skilled Labor: The region boasts a higher concentration of educational institutions and technical training centers, providing a steady supply of skilled labor. This workforce is essential for the operation and growth of industries.
3. Infrastructure Development: The western zone has better-developed infrastructure, including roads, electricity, and water supply, compared to other regions. These facilities are crucial for the efficient functioning of industries and attract more investments.

6b

Problems of Industries in Nigeria

1. Power Supply Issues: Frequent power outages and an unreliable electricity supply hamper industrial productivity and increase operational costs due to the reliance on alternative power sources like generators.
2. Inadequate Infrastructure: Poor transportation networks, inadequate water supply, and insufficient industrial parks limit the growth and expansion of industries. These deficiencies lead to higher logistics and production costs.

6c

Solutions to the Problems

1. Improving Power Supply: The government should invest in and diversify energy sources, including renewable energy, to ensure a consistent and reliable power supply. Privatizing the power sector could also enhance efficiency.
2. Infrastructure Development: Expanding and upgrading transport networks, such as roads and railways, would facilitate the efficient movement of goods and raw materials. Building more industrial parks with adequate facilities can attract more businesses.

5a

The physical factors that encourage cotton production in the Zaria area of Nigeria include.

1. A large area of arable land, with over 700,000 hectares available for cotton production.
2. Favorable climate and soil conditions, with adequate rainfall and suitable temperatures for cotton growth.
3. Access to water sources, such as rivers and irrigation systems, to support cotton cultivation.
4. Availability of labor, with many farmers and laborers involved in cotton production.
5. Government support and initiatives, such as the provision of improved seed varieties and financial assistance to farmers.
   5b

Here are four contributions of groundnut producers to Nigerian economy.

1. Groundnut production is one of the most lucrative businesses in Nigeria.
2. Groundnuts are a vital source of protein, vitamins and minerals for many Nigerians, particularly in rural areas where access to diverse food sources can be limited.
3. Groundnut is one of the most important oil and protein producing crops in the world.
4. Nigeria is the largest producer of groundnut in West Africa, accounting for 51% of production in the region.

4b

The River Basin Development Authorities (RBDAs) in Nigeria have made significant contributions to the country’s economy in the following ways:

1. Agricultural Development and Food Security: RBDAs have developed irrigation infrastructure, enhancing agricultural productivity and enabling farmers to produce crops throughout the year. This has improved food security, increased crop yields, and boosted the agricultural sector’s contribution to the national economy.
2. Job Creation and Poverty Reduction: RBDAs have promoted the development of industries such as fisheries, livestock, and tourism, creating employment opportunities and reducing poverty in rural areas. This has also led to an increase in economic activities, stimulating local economies and improving the standard of living.
3. Hydroelectric Power Generation and Industrial Development: RBDAs have developed hydroelectric power plants, contributing significantly to Nigeria’s power generation capacity. This has not only improved electricity supply but also attracted industries that rely on stable power, such as manufacturing and processing industries, to the areas surrounding the river basins.

1ai
Population density is a measure of the number of people living per unit of area, typically expressed in square kilometers or square miles.

1aii
Population migration refers to the movement of individuals or groups from one place to another, often involving a permanent or long-term change of residence.

1aiii

Population growth rate is the rate at which the number of individuals in a population increases in a given time period.

1aiv

Population movement, also known as migration, refers to the movement of individuals or groups from one place to another, resulting in a change in the population size and composition of both the origin and destination areas.

3a

Localization of industry refers to the concentration or clustering of industries in a specific geographic region or area, often due to favorable conditions or factors that promote economic growth and development.

3b

four importance of localization of industry:

1. Economies of Scale: Localization allows companies to take advantage of economies of scale by reducing transportation costs, sharing resources, and optimizing supply chain management. This leads to increased efficiency and reduced production costs.
2. Knowledge Spillover: When industries are localized, knowledge and expertise are more easily shared among companies, leading to innovation and technological advancements. This knowledge spillover effect drives growth and competitiveness.
3. Cluster Development: Localization fosters the development of industry clusters, which attract specialized labor, suppliers, and services. This concentration of related industries creates a vibrant ecosystem that promotes entrepreneurship, job creation, and economic growth.
4. Regional Development: Localization of industry can transform regional economies, creating new opportunities and stimulating growth. It can also lead to the development of related infrastructure, such as transportation and communication networks, further enhancing regional attractiveness.

3c
two examples of heavy industry:

1. Steel Production: Steel production involves the processing of iron ore and other raw materials to produce steel, which is a critical material for construction, transportation, and consumer goods. Steel production requires large-scale facilities, significant energy inputs, and complex machinery, making it a classic example of heavy industry.
2. Automobile Manufacturing: Automobile manufacturing involves the production of cars, trucks, and other vehicles, which requires extensive facilities, specialized equipment, and a large workforce. The process involves various stages, including design, engineering, assembly, and testing, making it a significant example of heavy industry.
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